Unlocking Potential: How Occupational Therapists Succeed with Primitive Reflex Exercises

Primitive reflexes, the involuntary motor responses present at birth, play a crucial role in early development. These reflexes typically integrate—or fade—as a child matures, making way for more advanced motor and cognitive skills. However, when primitive reflexes persist beyond infancy, they can interfere with a child’s ability to learn, focus, and coordinate their body. Occupational therapists (OTs) across the world are seeing remarkable success by incorporating primitive reflex integration exercises into therapy, helping children overcome developmental delays and reach their full potential.

What Are Primitive Reflexes?

Primitive reflexes include responses such as the Moro (startle) reflex, ATNR (asymmetrical tonic neck reflex), and the Palmar grasp reflex. While these automatic movements are essential for survival and early development, their continued presence can hinder everyday functioning in older children. Unintegrated reflexes may manifest as poor posture, fidgeting, difficulty with handwriting, clumsiness, or struggles with reading and attention.

The Role of Occupational Therapy

Occupational therapists specialize in helping individuals participate in everyday activities through therapeutic techniques. For children, this often involves supporting sensory processing, fine motor skills, and executive functioning. In recent years, many OTs have adopted reflex integration exercises—structured movement sequences that mimic early developmental patterns—to assist children whose primitive reflexes remain active.

These exercises aim to “complete” the developmental processes that should have naturally occurred in infancy. The therapy is non-invasive and movement-based, often designed as playful, rhythmic activities tailored to a child’s age and developmental level.

Evidence of Success

While research into primitive reflex integration is ongoing, clinical outcomes have been compelling. Many OTs report improvements in:

  • Attention and focus: Children who were once easily distracted often show greater ability to sit still and follow instructions.

  • Handwriting and motor control: Reflex integration can help refine fine motor skills by reducing the neurological interference that impacts hand stability.

  • Emotional regulation: Some children exhibit decreased anxiety and better self-control after consistent use of these exercises.

  • Academic performance: Better motor planning and attention can translate into improved reading fluency, comprehension, and math skills.

Case studies and parent testimonials frequently highlight dramatic improvements after just a few months of consistent therapy. For instance, a child struggling with dysgraphia may begin writing legibly after integrating the Palmar reflex, or a child with ADHD symptoms might show better classroom behavior following Moro reflex work.

Why It Matters

The success of primitive reflex exercises underscores the importance of looking at neurodevelopment through a holistic lens. By addressing foundational brain and body connections, occupational therapists can intervene where traditional behavioral or educational approaches might fall short.

Moreover, this method offers a hopeful pathway for children with sensory processing disorders, autism, ADHD, and learning disabilities—conditions often linked with retained primitive reflexes.

Moving Forward

While not every child with developmental challenges has retained reflexes, screening for them is becoming more common in occupational therapy assessments. Tools like the Rhythmic Movement Training (RMT) and the Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Integration (MNRI) method are gaining traction among therapists seeking effective, science-informed solutions.

Parents and educators working with OTs are encouraged to support consistency at home, where reflex exercises can be incorporated into play or bedtime routines for maximum benefit.


Conclusion

Primitive reflex integration is not a magic bullet, but for many children, it’s a missing piece of the puzzle. Through targeted, consistent work, occupational therapists are helping children rewire the most fundamental layers of their nervous system—laying the groundwork for greater independence, confidence, and success.

Reading Decoding and Letter Recognition

Your Never Gonna Believe This Trick To Help Struggling Readers Improve Decoding

For many children who struggle with decoding and reading, one of the biggest hurdles is recognizing the most minor details in letters. Often, these are the differences between letters like b and d or g and q—two pairs of letters that are easily confused. When young readers fail to notice the tiny differences in the squiggly and straight lines of each character, it can slow down their progress in decoding words and reading fluency dramatically. But there’s a fun and effective way to address this issue: through games that train kids to focus on and notice details in images.

One Thing Many Struggling Readers Have in Common

Specialists have found that children struggling to decode and read fluently have something in common, less activity in the parts of the left hemisphere of the brain that are responsible for reading. Noticing detail is a left hemisphere function and can be stimulated to higher efficiency and detail recognition. Try it for a few weeks and see the difference. Even a fun game like the free download below can increase their ‘attention to detail’. It is fun but stimulates that part of their brain responsible for seeing tiny differences and details in things.

Reading Decoding Challenge When Small Detail Isn’t Recognized

Struggling readers often face difficulties when it comes to distinguishing between letters that look alike. This is especially true for letters such as b and d, which are mirror images of each other, or g and q, which have a similar shape but are reversed. These visual similarities can easily lead to confusion, making it harder for children to read words correctly.

The problem is compounded when children need to recognize these letters quickly while reading. If they confuse b with d, or g with q, it can affect their ability to decode words correctly, making reading a frustrating experience. Understanding the differences between all letters, though small, is a critical skill that all readers need to develop.

Reading Decoding Activity

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    Why Small Details Matter in Reading Decoding

    The ability to notice small details isn’t just about recognizing the differences between similar-looking letters. It’s a foundational skill that helps readers decode words and make sense of what they read. When children can distinguish between the wavy and straight lines in each character, sounding out words can improve greatly and help the word stick in their memory better.

    This focus on detail helps children become more accurate and confident readers. By training kids to pay attention to the smallest differences in letters, they gain a better understanding of how to decode words efficiently, which ultimately helps them become more fluent readers. The ability to recognize these fine distinctions leads to fewer mistakes and smoother reading overall.

    Using Games to Improve Reading Decoding

    One of the best ways to help children develop better reading decoding is through detail oriented games. Not only are games enjoyable, but they also provide a low-pressure environment where kids can practice repeatedly without feeling stressed. Games designed to improve letter recognition help children focus on the small differences that make each letter unique. Here are a few types of games that can help:

    1. Big Picture vs. Detail: Show the child a picture of a bigger area like a forest or a cityscape and ask what they see. After listening to their response, prompt them to notice smaller things, like the bird in the tree. Then prompt them to notice even smaller detail like the wing on the bird, or the pattern on the bird’s wing. This stimulates the detail part of their brain. Do this over with the same picture in the coming days and add new pictures. Notice how quickly they start to notice tiny details. After a couple of days, you can incorporate it into letter recognition activities.
    2. Letter Sorting Activities: In this game, children are given a collection of letters and asked to sort them into groups. For example, they might group b, d, p, and q together, focusing on the small differences in shape that distinguish each letter. Sorting letters helps kids become more aware of the unique characteristics of each one.
    3. Matching Games: A simple but effective game is matching letters that look similar. For example, children can match b with d, and p with q. This game challenges kids to identify small differences in letter shapes, improving their ability to recognize these differences in actual reading situations.
    4. Find the Difference Puzzles: This classic game can be adapted for letter recognition by showing two images of a letter or word with slight differences. The child’s goal is to find those differences. This helps sharpen their visual discrimination skills, enabling them to pick up on small details that might otherwise go unnoticed.
    5. Letter Hunts: A letter hunt involves searching for a specific letter in a pile of other letters. This game encourages children to focus on the distinct characteristics of each letter, helping them to become more familiar with subtle variations in letter shapes as they encounter them in words.

    Why Games Are Effective for Struggling Readers

    Games offer a fun, hands-on approach to learning that encourages kids to engage with the material. By playing these types of games, children practice recognizing small details repeatedly, helping them build both skills and confidence in their ability to read accurately.

    The repetitive nature of games also plays a key role in reinforcing the recognition of small details. The more children play, the more likely they are to internalize the visual differences between letters, eventually recognizing them automatically as they read. Games also provide instant feedback, which can help children learn from mistakes in a constructive way rather than feeling frustrated or discouraged.

    Conclusion

    Helping struggling readers focus on the small details that make letters distinct is a key step toward improving their reading skills. Whether it’s understanding the difference between b and d, or g and q, training children to notice these subtle variations can significantly improve their ability to read accurately and fluently. Games that focus on these details not only make the process enjoyable but also help build a strong foundation for reading success. By incorporating fun and interactive games into reading practice, children can sharpen their focus, boost their confidence, and become more capable readers.

    Why Do Primitive Reflexes Reappear After Integration

    Many people wonder why some primitive reflexes seem to return or even intensify before improving during or after integration therapies. This question intrigued me as well, so I conducted research to better understand the phenomenon. I had previously observed this firsthand with my daughter, who showed no signs of the Landau reflex until I progressed further in integrating her Moro reflex. Then, the Landau reflex became more apparent and noticeable.

    Understanding Reflex Reintegration

    To gain deeper insights, I consulted Dr. Robert Melillo, a leading expert in primitive reflex integration with over 25 years of experience. His work, supported by multiple studies and shed light on why these reflexes might appear more pronounced before they diminished.

    Children with persistent primitive reflexes often have lower sensory awareness and diminished body perception. Initially, physical or auditory stimuli used to test reflex responses may elicit little reaction. However, as integration progresses and neurological connections strengthen, their response to stimulus increases. This heightened response is sometimes misinterpreted as a worsening of the reflex, leading some to prematurely discontinue therapy. In reality, this reaction often indicates that the integration exercises are effectively enhancing brain function. Stopping therapy too soon may prevent full reflex integration.

     

    primitive reflexes return after integration

    A Key Exception: Incorrect Hemispheric Integration

    In some cases, a reflex may genuinely strengthen if hemispheric integration is applied incorrectly. Hemispheric integration involves stimulating one side of the brain to support an underactive hemisphere. If a clinician misidentifies the weaker side and stimulates the wrong hemisphere, the reflex can become more pronounced. However, when the correct hemisphere is stimulated, the reflex response should diminish almost immediately. Dr. Melillo has demonstrated this principle in a compelling YouTube video recorded during one of his conferences.

    Why Do Reflexes Reappear After Full Integration?

    Some individuals experience the reappearance of primitive reflexes even after completing integration therapy. Several factors may contribute to this:

    1. Incomplete Integration: Reflexes may appear to be fully integrated but may not have been completely resolved. Some parents halt therapy too soon after noticing a reduction in reflex activity. To ensure full integration, exercises should continue for at least a month after no reflex signs are present.

    2. Developmental Changes: The overall neurological health of an individual can influence reflex activity. Conditions such as ADHD, autism, ADD, or sensory processing disorders may indicate broader neurological imbalances. For example, my daughter, who had ADHD, thrived for years after integration but experienced some regression as she entered puberty. Reintroducing reflex integration and hemispheric exercises helped her regain neurological balance. Brain maturation can sometimes lead to slight shifts in neural connectivity, necessitating follow-up treatments.

    3. Neurological Degeneration or Trauma: In aome cases, brain degeneration or damage may cause the return of primitive reflexes. This can occur due to stroke, dementia, seizure disorders, or degenerative brain diseases. Additionally, physical trauma or psychological stress, such as injury or abuse, may trigger reflex reactivation.

    Conclusion

    In most cases, properly integrated reflexes should not reappear. If a clinician frequently encounters recurring reflexes, extending the therapy duration and employing varied testing methods may be beneficial. Understanding the underlying causes of reflex reactivation ensures that integration therapies are more effective and long-lasting.

    Types of Dyslexia

    After many years of researching dyslexia and other learning disabilities, I became aware of several different types of dyslexia, each linked to specific challenges in motor, auditory, and visual functions. Although there are seven subcategories in total, the main three types are the focus of our discussion today. These primary types form the basis from which the other four, more composite types of dyslexia derive. Let’s explore these main types to understand the distinct difficulties they present.

    Dysphonesia

    The first type of dyslexia I want to discuss is called Dysphonesia, which is primarily associated with auditory processing challenges. Individuals with this type of dyslexia may struggle with distinguishing between similar sounds, managing ambient noise, and decoding phonetic (sounding out) spelling. They might also miss subtle social cues, and exhibit sensitivity to loud noises or busy auditory environments. People with Dysphonesia often do much better in quiet classrooms as they are able to interpret what is being taught much clearer. To compensate, people with this type of dyslexia will often rely on their sight and memorization to read, and they may skip or replace unfamiliar words with ones they recognize.

    Dyseidesia

    The second type of dyslexia I want to discuss today is called Dyseidesia, which is focused on someone’s visual struggles. This most prevalent type of dyslexia involves challenges in connecting written words to their corresponding sounds. People with this type of dyslexia struggle with phonetic (spelling out) words, which can result in longer reading times and errors. For example, a new or irregular word such as “laugh” might be sounded out phonetically as “log” and “read” might be spelled as “rede.” Dyseidesia is also known as surface dyslexia or visual dyslexia.

    Dysnemkinesia

    The last of the main types of dyslexia is called Dysnemkinesia. This type of dyslexia is associated with the motor skills required for writing. It is linked to activity in the frontal lobe of the brain, typically involving the left hemisphere for right-handed individuals and the right hemisphere for left-handed individuals. Challenges associated with Dysnemkinesia include difficulties with fine motor skills, leading to issues such as ‘letter reversals’, where letters, for instance, ‘b’ and ‘d’, are commonly confused and written backwards. It can also apply to a person writing numbers in reverse. Although less common than other types of dyslexia, it is synonymous to Dysgraphia, which pertains to difficulty with writing, and Dyspraxia—difficulty with motor skills. To learn more about Dysgraphia, click here.

    Dyslexic Strategies

    In addition to the three primary types of dyslexia discussed, there are four other subtypes of dyslexia, but seeing as they are all combinations of the types of dyslexia we have discussed already I will elaborate on them some other day. Each of these subtypes of dyslexia present unique challenges that require special types of intervention. We offer a selection of easy exercises your child should be doing. These easy exercises take just 15 to 30 minutes each day and will help integrate the areas of the brain that are linked to these types of dyslexia. To learn more, visit our sister site Dyslexic Strategies

    Signs of Dyslexia

    What are the signs of dyslexia? Driven by a desire to help those who share this query, I’ve dedicated considerable time researching the signs of dyslexia. The signs of dyslexia are quite simple, and can help you figure out if you or your struggling child may have this learning disability. 

    What is Dyslexia?

    First, we need to understand what dyslexia is exactly. Dyslexia is a learning disability caused by an underdevelopment in the language areas of your brain. This causes people to struggle with reading, speaking, and understanding language in general. While dyslexia primarily has to do with your brain it also has a significant impact on one’s vision. Many individuals with dyslexia also struggle seeing. This challenge may necessitate a need for vision therapy and other forms of intervention. It is important to note that dyslexia does not reflect one’s level of intelligence. Many people with dyslexia possess remarkable intelligence and creativity, they just struggle to convey it in forms of language. Click here to learn more about Dyslexia.

    Identifying the Need for Intervention 

    How do we know if a person is dyslexic and needs intervention? What are the signs of dyslexia? While symptoms and signs vary depending on the age of the person, the following are common signs for most age groups:

    • Difficulty spelling

    • A need to sound out words

    • Delayed onset of speech

    • Struggles to identify sounds 

    • Low reading comprehension 

    • Reading fatigue

    • Reversing word sounds

    • Confusing phonetically similar words 

    • Struggles with reading

     Individuals with dyslexia often have a hard time reading because the words seem to move around and get jumbled. Not only does this cause them to take a longer time to read but can also leave them mentally exhausted. Because they have a very hard time with reading-based tasks, dyslexics will often go to great lengths to avoid the tasks altogether. And though some dyslexic people do very well with small words, they struggle when it comes to reading long sentences and will often need to sound out the same word multiple times when reading.

    Dyslexic people also struggle with speaking. Since the language area of their brains are underdeveloped, they have trouble forming words and will often reverse sounds and confuse words that are similar to one another. As a result, they may experience delayed onset of speech, and/or mix up words often. 

    My son showed these signs. He was a very intelligent young man but always struggled in school. Since he was so smart, we had no idea why he had so many problems with school. At first, we thought his challenges might stem from vision issues. We were partially correct, but this wasn’t the complete picture. Despite several vision appointments that yielded some improvement, his academic struggles persisted for many years. 

    Solutions

    Eventually, while searching for more ways to help him, I learned about dyslexia. I researched the signs of dyslexia and found that he matched many of them. This discovery set me on a path to learn more about dyslexia and ways to reverse the symptoms. Through the journey I found the Unlock Brilliance Method. This technique uses brain integration exercises to strengthen the language area of the brain and reverse the symptoms of dyslexia. These simple exercises which have proven effective in numerous centers globally, are so straightforward that I was able to do them at home with ease. By dedicating just 15 to 30 minutes each day, I was able to reverse my son’s dyslexic symptoms, and help him become an avid reader. 

    The positive impact these exercises had on my family inspired me and the founders of Solve Learning Disabilities to create a website to help others who struggle with these same questions. We created a place where people can learn the signs of dyslexia and how to reverse the symptoms on their own with the Unlock Brilliance Method. 

    Dyslexia and Vision Therapy

    Many people are not aware that dyslexia and vision therapy go hand in hand. Most children with dyslexia need vision therapy in addition to their other interventions. Furthermore, children with reading struggles are often misdiagnosed with dyslexia or attention issues when they simply need vision therapy. What we are talking about is more than eyesight or reading glasses. It is visual development issues that can be corrected easily. Visual disabilities are missed in many children with reading disabilities even when seeing an optometrist regularly. This happened with my own son for years.

    Vision Develops

    Vision development starts in the womb and accelerates after birth. It also strengthens as the child begins to bat at objects, pull them to their mouth, and later move around to explore their environment. Underdevelopment can happen when milestones are missed. For example, not integrating the primitive reflexes, or missing the crawling stage. These can contribute to poor vision development. When the visual processing and visual motor control do not develop properly, it can cause reading disabilities but goes unnoticed. The child has nothing else to compare their experience with.

    Vision vs. Eyesight

    It may seem confusing, but vision and eyesight are not the same thing.  Eyesight is the ability to see something clearly (known as Visual Acuity 20/20) and is tested with eye charts and other equipment at regular Optometrist visits.

    Vision, on the other hand, is more than just eyesight. It is a skill developed as the child grows. Vision is the brain’s ability to use the images from both eyes, coordinate the images in the brain, and control eye movements.  There are several dysfunctions of vision that cause learning disabilities, especially in writing, reading, & math.

    Symptoms of Visual Dysfunction

    • Loses place when reading.
    • Diagnosed with dyslexia.
    • Diagnoses with ADD or ADHD.
    • Loses attention reading.
    • Avoids reading.
    • Gets nauseous when reading.
    • Tires quicker than others when reading.
    • Eyes burn after reading.
    • Gets headaches reading with or without glasses.

    Treatment

    Because vision is learned after birth, it can be stimulated and exercised to develop through exercises with an optometrist who has a fellowship in COVD (College of Optometrists in Vision Development). They will assess your child’s vision therapy and dyslexia needs in 1-2 appointments. If your child requires vision therapy, they usually recommend weekly or bi-weekly appointments with one of their therapists. You will be sent home with exercises to work on daily. It usually takes about 12 weeks and makes a life-long difference for your child.

    Diagnosis

    To get a proper diagnosis of visual skills, you will need to see an Optometrist with a Fellowship in COVD. I find them reasonably priced and well worth your child’s future.  You can find one in your area at the  COVD page Find A Doctor. Be sure to check the tick box for ‘Board Certified in Vision Therapy’.

    We used Dr. Davies here in our home state at Utah Vision Development for my son. We were all super inspired at the transformation my son went through with his vision development and reading. He once hated to look at a page in a book. It even made him nauseous. Now he reads for pleasure!

    If you have a child struggling with Dyslexia or other learning disabilities, we highly recommend finding one in your area for a consultation.

    Why Do Primitive Reflexes Return

    I have been asked why some primitive reflexes return after doing integration therapies. Also, why do some reflexes seem to get stronger before improving while doing the integration therapies?  I did some research because I was curious about it too. Previously, I had a daughter who showed no signs of the Landau until I got further into integrating her Moro. Then the Landau became very apparent and noticeable.

    Primitive Reflexes Return During Integration

    In researching this, I spoke to one of the greatest minds of our time on the subject, Dr. Robert Melillo. He uses and studies primitive reflex integration. As a matter of fact, he has for over 25 years now. Several studies have been done on his work that I will reference below for anyone who wants to get to know his work better. I learned from him and others that they can appear to increase while integrating properly.

    Many children who have present primitive reflexes do not feel their own body well and have lower sensory responses. Therefore, physical or audible triggers, such as the ones we use to trigger a reflex response when testing, will not produce much response in their body at first. However, as they start to integrate those reflexes and their brains start to connect and respond on a higher level, there is a greater response to the triggers.

    As a result, many take this higher response to the stimuli as a worsening primitive reflex response and discontinue their work. This is unfortunate because the integration exercises are often doing exactly what they should be doing, creating higher function in the brain and body. Therefore, many reflex integrations are discontinued when they should have persevered a little longer and seen them fully integrated.

    The Exception

    However, there are times when a reflex becomes stronger to a slight degree. This happens when doing hemispheric integration to the wrong side. In hemispheric integration, the clinician uses sensory stimulation to one side of the brain to help with an underactive hemisphere.  It is important when doing one-sided stimulation to get it right. If the clinician mistakenly diagnoses the child with an underactive left side, further stimulation to the right side can increase the reflex. If he is correct in the side he stimulates, there will be an immediate reduction in the response to the reflex trigger. This is shown beautifully in this YouTube video wherein Dr. Robert Melillo was recorded showing this example after one of his conferences. Check it out.

    Primitive Reflex Integration

    Primitive Reflexes Reappear After Integration

    Some have seen primitive reflexes reappear after complete integration. This can have several answers.

    First, were they truly and completely integrated? Many see them diminish and parents stop the therapy shortly after. They can become almost unnoticeable during integration. We do the exercises for an additional month after there is no sign of them.

    Second, it helps to look at the person as a whole. What were other struggles in their life? Were they ADHD, Autistic, ADD, had Sensory issues? Are those worsening again as well? This is a clear picture as to the health of the neurological connections in the brain. My daughter with ADHD did great for a couple of years after integration and hemispheric stimulation. As she approached puberty, she seemed to be having some of her old problems again.

    I had to revisit some of the reflexes and hemispheric integration exercises again. This was explained to me in this way: The underactive or overactive neurons that contributed to the initial issues may have become slightly under or overactive again as the brain matured. This caused some underconnectivity in the brain and allowed some re-appearance of symptoms again. Even though it was on a much lower level, it did need some follow up treatment.

    Third, and less common. In some children and adults, there is true brain degeneration or damage that will cause the return of reflexes. Such is the case with stroke, dementia, seizure disorders that cause brain damage or other brain degenerative diseases. Furthermore, trauma to the brain, such as injury or abuse, can also cause a reappearance of the reflexes.

    Conclusion

    With this said, reappearance of the reflexes should only happen in isolated circumstances. In other words, if integration is done correctly and completely, they are usually gone for good. If you’re a clinician who sees reappearance of reflexes a lot, try doing the exercises longer and use different methods of testing after a few months of exercise.

    Check Out Our Primitive Reflex Integrtion Training

    Harvard Study on Dr. Robert Melillo’s Melillo Method which includes primitive reflex integrtion

    Persistent Childhood Primitive Reflex Reduction Effects on Cognitive, Sensorimotor, and Academic Performance in ADHD Dr. Melillo and Dr. Leisman 2020

    Resources on Primitive Reflex Integrtion

    Primitive Reflexes All Physical Therapists Should Know About

    Primitive Reflex Integration for your physical therapy patients can make a world of difference in a short time. Primitive Reflexes have been found to cause neurological underdevelopment which affects the body’s movement, behavior, development, vision and sensory processing. Find out what they are and how to Integrate Primitive Reflexes.

    What are They?

    Primitive Reflexes are the special reflexes that develop in the brain stem before birth. This set of involuntary Primitive Reflexes help the baby with positioning in the womb, birthing, the first breath of life, feeding, urination etc. Most of these Primitive Reflexes go away through the first year of life as higher functions of the brain and muscle control develop.

    If the reflexes remain, they interfere with the neurological organization of the brain which causes learning, behavioral, social, sensory and health problems. These remaining reflexes are unnoticed muscle movements in older children and adults that would not normally be noticed if one did not know what to look for. They cause ongoing issues until they are solved through exercises.

    Primitive Reflex Testing

    Retained Primitive Reflexes Spinal Galant Integration
    Retained Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex integration
    Retained Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex Integration
    retained landau reflex integration

    Retained Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex

    Retained Labyrinthine Reflex

    Retained Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex

    Retained Landau Reflex

    Retained Rooting Reflex Integration
    Retained Palmar Reflex Integration
    Retained Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex
    Retained Moro Reflex Integration

    Retained Rooting Reflex

    Retained Palmar Reflex

    Retained Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex

    Retained Moro Reflex

    What Can Be Done?

    If any of them remain past 12 months, they are called Retained Primitive Reflexes and they are a problem. There are simple exercises that can solve each one. This process is called Integrating Primitive Reflexes. Once they are integrated through these little exercises, many Learning Disabilities, Behavioral, Sensory Disorders, and health issues disappear or are greatly improved. You need to check for each of them, even if your child is not displaying the usual symptoms. If one remains unnoticed, it slows improvement in cognitive function. We will soon be adding information on Retained Babinski Reflex.

    Symptoms when Primitive Reflexes Remain:

    Because Primitive Reflexes start at the base of the brain. Functions that try to develop above them don’t wire properly. It can cause or contribute to:

    Autism

    Autism Spectrum Disorders

    Asperger’s

    Hemispheric Imbalance

    Sensory Disorders

    Hyper Activity

    ADHD

    Speech Disorders

    Social Disorders

    Asthma

    Dyslexia

    Dysgraphia

    Dyscalculia

    Immune Problems

    Other Health Issues

    Other Learning Disabilities

    This is the first thing to check for. They can solve a multitude of problems. Other therapies or Brain Stimulation such as Hemispheric Integration Therapy, work best if Retained Primitive Reflexes are integrated or are being exercised first or at the same time.

     

    How did this happen?

    There are many children and adults that for one reason or another still have one or more Primitive Reflexes remaining. Some causes may include a traumatic birth, lack of “tummy time”, too much time laying in seaters or swings, induced labor, and traumatic C-Section birth. Most of the time, there is not a known reason.

    Fear not. These are simple assessments and exercises that can be done 10 minutes per day for a few months. Then stimulate the other brain functions with these cognitive exercises and the Disabilities often go away or symptoms improve amazingly. Click on the individual pictures above to see the tests and exercises.

     

     

    Medication Free Interventions for Childhood ADHD

    Managing ADHD can be challenging, especially in childhood. Struggling to regulate one’s energy levels and focus can often be misinterpreted as unruly behavior, which can leads to kids getting into trouble for something out of their control.

    Fortunately, the CDC reports that approximately three in four children with various types and forms of ADHD now receive treatment. While medication is given depending on the severity of cases, interest in medication-free interventions has also grown in recent years. Medication-free strategies focus on behavioral adjustments more than neurochemical or hormonal changes. These are worth considering for a more holistic view of ADHD treatment.

    Positive Parenting



    Positive parenting is an approach that some parents may implement for children with ADHD. It aims to be sensitive to a child’s individual needs while tackling the challenges that require empathy and respect from your child. One aspect of positive parenting is providing positive attention, which focuses on giving children healthy doses of quality time and attention. It results in fewer behavioral issues like whining, repeatedly asking questions, and bothering siblings. It also fosters a better relationship with your child, so positive consequences such as praise become much more effective. Furthermore, kids respond better to disciplinary measures such as time-outs when they receive consistent “time in.” This can be accomplished without medication, and when done right, it is an effective way to manage ADHD symptoms.

    Organization



    Organization is one skill that people with ADHD struggle with, which is why it is best to master it as early as childhood. In author John Ratey’s classic book Driven to Distraction, he and his co-author offer plenty of valuable first-person insight. The tools presented are useful for both children and adults, particularly when it comes to depending on someone to stay organized. Keeping a healthy and collaborative relationship with your child will reduce stress at school and at home.

    Whether it’s keeping assignments in a notebook or keeping study areas at home free of clutter, getting organized is key to make the day a little easier for children. By instilling and reinforcing organizational skills (where your child may struggle), you are empowering them to reciprocate in their areas of strength, whether that’s pouring energy into a big project or finding creative solutions to problems.

    Meditation



    Meditation may seem like an unorthodox treatment, but it can be quite effective at training cognitive skills to improve attention and focus. Practices that involve meditating, breathwork, and yoga can all cultivate traits that can help develop awareness, neuroplasticity, and overall wellbeing.

    If you’re not too convinced about the benefits of these practices, read Dr. Sue Morter’s The Energy Codes, which is a seven-step guide grounded in neurobiology and energy medicine to promote deep healing. With this in mind, try doing yoga as a family or teaching your child basic mindfulness techniques, particularly when he or she starts to feel stressed or overwhelmed. These are healthy coping mechanisms they can develop early on and use later in life.

    Diet



    Another medication-free intervention that is easy to do for your child is changing up their diet. Certain foods, additives, and preservatives may increase hyperactive behavior in some children. It is best to eat whole foods, particularly protein, complex carbohydrates, and omega-3 fatty acids instead. Avoiding carbonated beverages and sugary juices can also avoid an exacerbation of symptom. If you’re not sure what is causing triggers for your child, then an elimination diet may help you determine what is best for them.

    Primitive Reflex Integration

    Testing for and integrating the neonatal Primitive Reflexes has proven very beneficial, which our post discusses at length on Solving Learning Disabilities.



    It’s important to understand that ADHD treatments are not limited to medication. How a child is encouraged to live their life can have serious consequences on how they manage their condition. Parents can help the most by considering both.

    Ways To Treat ADHD Without Medication

    There are ways to treat ADHD without medication. New information coming forward now shows that there are alternative treatments for ADHD. It takes more effort than popping a pill. What I am talking about today are some daily brain exercises that are proven through a recent study at Harvard to reduce ADHD to the point that children in the study no longer met the criteria to be diagnosed as ADHD. And the best part, it was at-home exercise activities with their parents that did the trick.

    Dr. Robert Melillo developed what is known as the #MelilloMethod, also known as the Brain Balance Method.  He has thousands of case studies showing its success in his clinic and centers over the past 25 years. However, many were still skeptical of his method until Harvard University contacted him a couple of years ago to do an ADHD study at Harvard of its affects on ADHD children and teens. He gave his method to them. Furthermore, his program included at-home Interactive Metronome exercises as part of the treatment. Interactive Metronome are rhythm exercises where the child gets immediate feedback as to how close to the beat they are.  These exercises together constituted the exercises for the study. The results follow.

    Harvard University Study on ADHD Alternative Treatment

    His method included 3 types of exercises as the at-home treatment:

    Primitive Reflex Integration Exercises

    Sensory exercises to the right hemisphere of the brain.

    Interactive Metronome exercises (rhythm exercises)

    They studied boys and girls ages 8-14 who were confirmed to have ADHD.

    In just three and a half months of self-guided at-home exercises with their parents, the children improved dramatically. And 36% of the children scored 40%+ better in hyperactivity and inattention tests, making them no longer qualifiable as ADHD.

    Ways to treat ADHD without Medication

     Harvard University Study on ADHD Results:

     “This is a degree of improvement that we have not previously observed in children with ADHD unless they were receiving medications, and then only if they were receiving the correct medication at the optimal dose.” Pg2

    “ Note that prior to treatment the subject was in the top 3-15% of most hyperactive individuals within their age range. Following treatment their activity measures were in the 29-65% percentile indicating that they were no longer clinically hyperactive and well within normal range.”

    The Method for ADHD Without Medication

    Dr. Melillo did not keep the method to himself, but put it all in the book Disconnected Kids and is constantly lecturing around the world. Other countries accept it more readily than the U.S. That is until the Harvard study published in 2019. It is now beginning to make traction here in the US.

    So, I Trained with Dr. Melillo

    After we used it for our own children, we were so passionate about its results, that I trained with Dr. Melillo directly. And, just this month certified as an Interactive Metronome trainer.

    ADHD without medication

    I started an Instagram to publish short videos and pics of the exercises. Follow us to see video and pic examples of the exercises.

    See other ADHD Treatments Without Medication on our blog.

    Moro Reflex Test For Children Of All Abilities

    Testing for a retained Moro Reflex can be difficult with a very young or disabled person. This is an alternative test you can use to test for the Moro Reflex or Startle Reflex.

    Start by having the child lay on the ground with their palms down. Lift their head off the ground and quickly lower it to ilicit a Startle Reflex. If they have a retained Moro Reflex, they may do one or all of the following:

    • Jump
    • Flip their palms over.
    • Heave their chest for a few seconds.

    Warning: Consult their physician before doing this test if there is a chance it may be unsafe for them. For example, if they have a seizure disorder, neck problems, etc.

    Be sure to check out our other Moro Reflex test . Also, our other Primitive Reflex tests and exercises.

    Moro Reflex Test
    Moro Reflex Test for Disabled

    If a Moro Reflex is present, it can contribute to:

    • Easily Distracted
    • Hypersensitive to sensory stimuli like light and sound and touch.
    • Over sensitivity to motion causing car sickness
    • Or under sensitivity to sensory stimuli
    • Overreacts
    • Impulsive and aggressive
    • Emotional immaturity
    • Withdrawn or timid and shy
    • ADD
    • ADHD
    • Autism Spectrum
    • Asperger’s
    • Sensory Disorders
    • Difficulty making friends
    • Depression
    • Dyslexia
    • Health Problems
    • Allergies and Asthma
    • Anger or Emotional Outbursts
    • Poor Balance and Coordination
    • Poor Digestion and Food Sensitivities

    Make a difference now. See our products for Integrating the Moro Reflex.

    ADHD Treatment Without Medication

    To find the right ADHD treatment without medication, you need to know a few things first. ADHD is a brain-based issue, it can be intensified by gut issues, environment, discipline methods and more. With that said, many parents choose to go a more natural or holistic method to avoid the stimulants Ritalin and Adderall. The results vary depending on the severity of the child and the diligence of the parents. But it has definitely been done successfully with many children. See the typical ADHD symptoms.

    Our daughter has shown marked improvement with the natural methods that we have taken. So, let’s talk about what I have learned.

    There is no one supplement that can reverse ADHD. There are many who claim to, but there is no way a supplement or herb can solve the overactive parts of the brain without some cognitive exercises to go along with it.

    ADHD is a matter of several factors. It involves neurological wiring, gut health, early development and nutrition. The good news is that it can all be helped with at-home treatments which result in a reduction of the ADHD symptoms and issues. Some parents have seen complete reversal of ADHD. Here are some of the natural treatments that we have successfully used. Here are more ways to treat ADHD without medication.

    Treatment for ADHD without medication

    Cognitive Exercises at-home

    Studies have shown that children with ADHD have underactivity in the right hemisphere of their brain. This is coupled with higher activity in the left hemisphere. Because the left side of our brain is the activator and the right is mostly the inhibitor, there is no balance of impulse and impulse control. This is the case with their actions, social interactions, emotions, speech etc. Some simple brain activities done with the child at home can improve this imbalance remarkably and bring the right side up to balance with the left. This method was studied by Harvard University a couple of years ago and found to be very affective. We used this on our daughter and loved the results. Learn more about brain stimulation exercises for ADHD.

    ADHD without medication

    Coffee or Caffeinated Teas

    They have found that stimulants have an opposite affect on ADHD children. Caffeine can actually help them calm and focus some. Ritalin is actually a powerful stimulant called methylphenidate, but can cause severe side effects and lose effectiveness over time.  Caffeine works on the same principle, but on a much lower level.

    Guarana Herb

    Guarana herb can be found on Amazon and has natural stimulants in it. Studies show improved test scores for children who take it.

    Probiotics

    Part of the symptoms of ADHD are gut related. The brain under stimulates the digestive track which leads to food intolerances and constipation. The body reacts to the intolerance by creating inflammation. This includes inflammation in the brain which aggravates brain function and will make their behavior worse. In addition, it sometimes includes achiness or swelling in their joints, specifically their ankles and knees.

    Primitive Reflex Exercises:

    Primitive Reflexes are the special reflexes that develop in the brain stem before birth. Most of these Primitive Reflexes go away through the first year of life as higher functions of the brain and muscle control develop. If the reflexes remain, they interfere with the neurological organization of the brain which contributes to ADHD, behavioral, social, sensory and health problems. These remaining reflexes are unnoticed muscle movements in older children and adults. They are not normally noticed if one doesn’t know what to look for. The reflexes cause them to walk apelike or with an unusual gait. They are solved through exercises.

    Supplements

    Because of the gut issues, ADHD treatment without medication need to include added nutrients. However,  many supplements cause more inflammation in their body. Dr. Robert Melillo understood this and created supplements specific for these ADHD kiddos.

    Homeopathic Drops and Pills

    I have tried some calming drops, they helped somewhat especially in her nighttime bath. Lavender and Chamomile oils are known for calming and relaxation.

    Things to Avoid

    There are some foods that kids with ADHD should stay away from. They have a very hard time digesting the larger chain molecules in gluten and dairy. This is usually a problem because they have very limited food preferences due to their sensory issues. They usually love foods with one or both of these. Such as mac and cheese, chicken nuggets, yogurt, ice cream etc. There are great gluten free, dairy free alternatives to these on the gluten-free isles of your supermarket, or a health food store.

    Red and blue food dyes are not natural and have an almost immediate affect on them. My child shows immediate twitchiness and aggression after foods and drinks with red and blue additives.

    Refined sugars and corn syrups are triggers. Watch out for regular table sugar, candy, pastries, ice cream and pretty much everything good. Try to find some fun alternatives for them with natural sweeteners. We use Agave to sweeten our daughter’s food as much as possible.  In addition, there are candies with natural coloring and less refined sugars at most health food stores. If they are going to have some at a party, reduce the portion size.

    Another trigger we found was peanut butter. My sister-in-law and I noticed a definite increase in ADHD type actions within a half hour of our ADHD kiddos eating peanut butter. Some theorize it is because they are GMO’d. I don’t know the cause, but the result is evident.   

    Keep a journal of what they eat and their behavior. You might find other triggers specific to your child.

    Conclusion

    ADHD treatment without medication can be a real racket. In a sea of conflicting information, you could spend thousands of dollars trying everything out there. For instance, they have proven that parents of ADHD children spend thousands more per year on their children than neurotypical kiddos. The best results I have seen come from gut health and the cognitive exercises. This isn’t a quick fix, but a steady win. Furthermore, both are affordable and can be done right at home.

    Primitive Reflexes Occupational Therapists Should Know About

    Primitive Reflex Integration for your occupational therapy patients can make a world of difference. Primitive Reflexes have been found to cause neurological underdevelopment which affects the body, behavior, development, vision and sensory processing. Find out what they are and how to Integrate Primitive Reflexes.

    What are They?

    Primitive Reflexes are the special reflexes that develop in the brain stem before birth. This set of involuntary Primitive Reflexes help the baby with positioning in the womb, birthing, the first breath of life, feeding, urination etc. Most of these Primitive Reflexes go away through the first year of life as higher functions of the brain and muscle control develop.

    If the reflexes remain, they interfere with the neurological organization of the brain which causes learning, behavioral, social, sensory and health problems. These remaining reflexes are unnoticed muscle movements in older children and adults that would not normally be noticed if one did not know what to look for. They cause ongoing issues until they are solved through exercises.

    Primitive Reflex Testing

    Retained Primitive Reflexes Spinal Galant Integration
    Retained Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex integration
    Retained Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex Integration
    retained landau reflex integration

    Retained Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex

    Retained Labyrinthine Reflex

    Retained Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex

    Retained Landau Reflex

    Retained Rooting Reflex Integration
    Retained Palmar Reflex Integration
    Retained Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex
    Retained Moro Reflex Integration

    Retained Rooting Reflex

    Retained Palmar Reflex

    Retained Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex

    Retained Moro Reflex

    What Can Be Done?

    If any of them remain past 12 months, they are called Retained Primitive Reflexes and they are a problem. There are simple exercises that can solve each one. This process is called Integrating Primitive Reflexes. Once they are integrated through these little exercises, many Learning Disabilities, Behavioral, Sensory Disorders, and health issues disappear or are greatly improved. You need to check for each of them, even if your child is not displaying the usual symptoms. If one remains unnoticed, it slows improvement in cognitive function. We will soon be adding information on Retained Babinski Reflex.

    Symptoms when Primitive Reflexes Remain:

    Because Primitive Reflexes start at the base of the brain. Functions that try to develop above them don’t wire properly. It can cause or contribute to:

    Autism

    Autism Spectrum Disorders

    Asperger’s

    Hemispheric Imbalance

    Sensory Disorders

    Hyper Activity

    ADHD

    Speech Disorders

    Social Disorders

    Asthma

    Dyslexia

    Dysgraphia

    Dyscalculia

    Immune Problems

    Other Health Issues

    Other Learning Disabilities

    This is the first thing to check for. They can solve a multitude of problems. Other therapies or Brain Stimulation such as Hemispheric Integration Therapy, work best if Retained Primitive Reflexes are integrated or are being exercised first or at the same time.

     

    How did this happen?

    There are many children and adults that for one reason or another still have one or more Primitive Reflexes remaining. Some causes may include a traumatic birth, lack of “tummy time”, too much time laying in seaters or swings, induced labor, and traumatic C-Section birth. Most of the time, there is not a known reason.

    Fear not. These are simple assessments and exercises that can be done 10 minutes per day for a few months. Then stimulate the other brain functions with these cognitive exercises and the Disabilities often go away or symptoms improve amazingly. Click on the individual pictures above to see the tests and exercises.

     

     

    Autistic?

    Is your child showing signs of autistic behaviors? Autism Spectrum Disorder is characterized by a child that has impaired communication and social skills. But, being autistic is so much more than that to families living with an autistic child or sibling. These wonderful children really are so bright and creative. Their struggles are real. Their little light seems to have dimmed during their toddler years and the information in their mind seemed to get trapped. Don’t despair. That bright child you saw at age one is still in there. With neuroplasticity, specialists have proven that we can rebuild lost connections in their brain. There are interventions now.

    What happened?

    Nobody knows for sure. Environmental differences, genetic traits and nutrition are so variable between children in different families, that it makes it almost impossible to pinpoint a cause or number of risk factors. Specialists have found some things that are consistent across the autism spectrum disorder. Certain neurological deficiencies that may not be the cause, but when stimulated with early intervention, produce fantastic results. We have linked to them below.

    Specialists have also found that children that are very bright can actually have one half of their brain that matures rapidly and leaves the other half a little behind. This is often the case with autistic children. Their left brain skills matures fast. When the right side cannot keep up, the connection between the two halves weaken and disconnect. This is called Functional Disconnection Syndrome. This is why they start out super bright, then start to lose the connections.

    Symptoms appear between 1-2 years of age. The child starts to show signs of sensory processing issues. They start to lose some to the tricks they learned in their first year of life. Communication and social problems start to take root. They begin having outbursts that are no characteristic of the usual ‘terrible twos’. They avoid eye contact and start to withdraw. It is time to stimulate neurological growth. Click here for more signs of Autism.

    One Place To Start

    Children with autism often have a retained Moro Reflex that should have disappeared in the first year of life. There are simple exercises that can integrate this reflex. This often helps reduce some of the outbursts and impulsivity of Autism. Read more about that on our post. Moro Reflex Test and Moro Reflex Exercises. 

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

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    Learning Disabilities and How to Help!

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      Attention Deficit Disorder ADD

      AAsperger's Syndromettention Deficit Disorder or ADD is characterized by symptoms of attention difficulty without hyperactivity. But, attention difficulty is not the only symptom. These kids often cannot finish a task or complete the last step of anything. They walk away and leave the fridge door open or forget to restart the dryer after taking their shirt out. These kids are fantastically creative, but have ‘their head in the clouds’ at homework time, dreaming up solutions to the world’s problems instead of doing their homework.  These kids really are fantastic and will probably be the next inventors or philosophers. We don’t want to change that. But, something has to be done, right? We can’t have mom going crazy, trying to get their homework out of them every night. Click here for more ADD Symptoms.

      Imagine helping them keep that creativity and achieve the ability to focus and finish projects when needed. If they could, they would be a hybrid, right? They would be creative and responsible. Well, you can. Attention is a neurological development consisting of many parts of the brain and can be learned.

      Baby usually  learns attention around 4 months when he or she starts to focus on daddy’s face, waiting for him to ‘coo’ and talk. Or, when watching mommy dangle a stuffed bunny above the baby seater. As they get a little older, their attention span should grow with them. If it hasn’t, some intervention can make a big difference.

      There are several contributing factors to low attention span. Often in ADD kids we see stalled Primitive Reflex Integration in the brain stem area. This means these neonatal reflexes were not suppressed during the first year of life as they should be. The area of the brain called the Basal Ganglia is stimulated by certain motor movements and in turn suppresses the reflexes and stimulates the higher functions of the brain. If the Basil Ganglia is underdeveloped it cannot fully suppress the reflexes. Theses reflexes contribute to learning disabilities and  Attention Deficit Disorder. They are the troublemakers. Also, Sensory motor skills are very important. Attention requires the ability to take in different stimuli, such as sound, language, sight, touch etc., then process it, plan and execute action or inaction based on what was just received. This is attention. Weakness in the sensory input, processing and execution will also cause a drop off in attention ability.

      Auditory Processing Is Important

      ADD kids struggle picking up everything the teacher says. This is usually caused by low Auditory Processing skills. For example, they may hear the teacher’s assignment, but due to Auditory Processing issues, may not hear the due dates, deadlines and other details. There are plenty of resources online to improve Auditory Processing Skills. We love Brain HQ. They have great Auditory exercises online and in apps.

      A great book for stimulating Auditory Processing skills is Brain Integration by Dianne Craft.  It is a self published book, so not well proofed, but brilliantly gives a daily plan with great activities that will help correct Auditory Processing Disorders and other disabilities. Dianne has worked with challenged kids for over 20 years in her office and as a Special Education teacher. She compiled her successful strategies into the book  with easy actionable routine plans.

      We saw huge improvement in our kids, when we brought these function up to par. We are excited for you to see the same. Good Luck! Email us and let us know how it goes.

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        Why Do Primitive Reflexes Return or Worsen

        I have been asked why some primitive reflexes reappear after doing integration therapies. Also, why do some reflexes seem to get stronger before improving while doing the integration therapies?  I did some research because I was curious about it too. Previously, I had a daughter that showed no signs of the Landau until I got further into integrating her Moro. Then the Landau became very apparent and noticeable.

        Primitive Reflexes Becoming Stronger During Integration

        In researching this, I spoke to one of the greatest minds of our time on the subject, Dr. Robert Melillo. He uses and studies primitive reflex integration. As a matter of fact, he has for over 25 years now. Several studies have been done on his work that I will reference below for anyone who wants to get to know his work better. I learned from him and others that they can appear to increase while integrating properly.

        Many children who have present primitive reflexes do not feel their own body well and have lower sensory response. Therefore, physical or audible triggers, such as the ones we use to trigger a reflex response when testing, will not produce much response in their body at first. However, as they start to integrate those reflexes and their brains start to connect and respond on a higher level, there is greater response to the triggers.

        As a result, many take this higher response to the stimuli as a worsening primitive reflex response and discontinue their work. This is unfortunate because the integration exercises are often doing exactly what they should be doing, creating higher function in the brain and body. Therefore, many reflex integrations are discontinued when they should have persevered a little longer and seen them fully integrated.

        The Exception

        However, there are times that a reflex becomes stronger to a slight degree. This happens when doing hemispheric integration to the wrong side. In hemispheric integration, the clinician uses sensory stimulation to one side of the brain to help with an underactive hemisphere.  It is important when doing one sided stimulation to get it right. If the clinician mistakenly diagnoses the child with an underactive left side, further stimulation to the right side can increase the reflex. If he is correct in the side he stimulates, there will be an immediate reduction in the response to the reflex trigger. This is shown beautifully in this YouTube video wherein Dr. Robert Melillo was recorded showing this example after one of his conferences. Check it out.

        Primitive Reflex Integration

        Primitive Reflexes Reappear After Integration

        Some have seen primitive reflexes reappear after complete integration. This can have several answers.

        First, were they truly and completely integrated? Many see them diminish and parents stop the therapy shortly after. They can become almost unnoticeable during integration. We do the exercises for an additional month after there is no sign of them.

        Second, it helps to look at the person as a whole. What were other struggles in their life? Were they ADHD, Autistic, ADD, had Sensory issues? Are those worsening again as well? This is a clear picture as to the health of the neurological connections in the brain. My daughter with ADHD did great for a couple of years after integration and hemispheric stimulation. As she approached puberty, she seemed to be having some of her old problems again.

        I had to revisit some of the reflexes and hemispheric integration exercises again. This was explained to me in this way: The underactive or overactive neurons that contributed to the initial issues may have become slightly under or overactive again as the brain matured. This caused some underconnectivity in the brain and allowed some re-appearance of symptoms again. Even though it was on a much lower level, it did need some follow up treatment.

        Third, and less common. In some children and adults there is true brain degeneration or damage that will cause the return of reflexes. Such is the case with stroke, dementia, seizure disorders that cause brain damage or other brain degenerative diseases. Furthermore, trauma to the brain, such as injury or abuse, can also cause a reappearance of the reflexes.

        Conclusion

        With this said, reappearance of the reflexes should only happen in isolated circumstances. In other words, if integration is done correctly and completely, they are usually gone for good. If you’re a clinician that sees reappearance of reflexes a lot, try doing the exercises longer and use different methods of testing after a few months of exercise.

        Check Out Our Primitive Reflex Integrtion Training

        Harvard Study on Dr. Robert Melillo’s Melillo Method which includes primitive reflex integrtion

        Persistent Childhood Primitive Reflex Reduction Effects on Cognitive, Sensorimotor, and Academic Performance in ADHD Dr. Melillo and Dr. Leisman 2020

        Resources on Primitive Reflex Integrtion

        ADHD

        ADHD- Let’s Turn it Around!

        ADHD is defined by a list of symptoms that include much more than attention difficulties and hyperactivity. These bright children generally have over or under active sensory processing issues. They are often intolerant to certain foods which is manifested through crazy behavior instead of hives or a sick stomach. They are often impulsive and don’t respect personal space. They have what we call ‘all or nothing’ reaction. This means that they either love or hate people and things based on their immediate interaction with them. The slightest infraction can change their love to anger. For example, they could love the little girl at school yesterday because she gave them a candy and hate her today because she looked at them wrong. There is no Gray-Area Thinking (mentioned further below).  This with the impulsivity problems makes relationships hard at school and in the family setting. Click here for a list of ADHD Symptoms.

        Turn ADHD Around

        The protocol in the past was to help the child cope with their disorder. Thankfully, they are learning much more about neurological development now. There are specialists now that are reporting wonderful success by exercising their sensory/motor skills and neurological connections to strengthen the weaknesses causing the misfiring of neurons that contributes to ADHD. There are centers popping up all over the U.S. that do these interventions. The good news is that they are easy enough to do right at home. We will go over them below. We tried them with our daughter, Lyla, and really saw a huge improvement. The best part was when they removed Lyla from the ‘special class’ because she started doing so well on her assignments. The teacher even said:

        “I don’t know what is going on, but something has switched in Lyla. She is doing better in class, respecting the other kids personal space and having better behavior”

        We noticed that she started making more friends and acting more mature. That did it for us. We were hooked and have been trying to share these interventions with as many people as we can, because they work.

         

         

         ADHD Interventions

        You see, in ADHD kids and adults, there are certain parts of their neurological development that is weaker than the others. When this happens, the parts of the brain don’t connect as well. This causes a more random pattern of information flow. The Unlock Brilliance Method helps pin point these weaknesses and strengthen them. Learn more about it on our Pre-Recorded Webinar about ADHD, sensory issues, impulsivity and more.

         

        Diet is also extremely important. There are certain foods that are know to make ADHD kids even more hyper. They get twitchy and have a hard time with eye contact and attention.  These foods get absorbed into their bloodstream without the proteins being properly broken down. They cause the child to have adrenaline rushes and go into ‘fight or flight’ mode.  There is a fabulous book called Disconnected Kids Nutrition Plan by Dr. Robert Melillo. It details what your child should be eating and why.

        ADHD diet is not only about what not to eat. Eating nutritious foods full of Essential Fatty acids and Lecithin is vital to neurological function. The Lecithin helps break down the Essential Fatty Acids for the brain to use in neurological coating, firing and development. Is a matter of fact, the brain is about 30% Lecithin. Of course, there are other important nutrients that the brain requires to function properly, they are all outlined in the nutrition book we mentioned above along with some great kid-friendly recipes.

         To Medicate or Not To?

        ADHD treatment without medication is real, and gaining success by many. For more on Adderall alternatives, be sure to read: https://www.cognitune.com/best-natural-adderall-alternatives/

        and see the published studies on ADHD

        The above mentioned interventions helped our Lyla so much. We love to hear your success stories. Email us and let us know how it is going.

         

         

        Dysgraphia

        Dysgraphia, Dysgraphia Intervention, Dysgraphia Solutions, Learning Disabilities, Primitive Reflexes, Primitive Reflex Integration Dysgraphia? There is early intervention.

        Dysgraphia is characterized by a difficulty in written expression. This generally includes very messy handwriting; poor spelling and reading skills; and a problem with words and ideas coming smoothly. These are all skills that are predominantly handles in the left side of the brain. Click here for a list of Dysgraphia Symptoms.

        Dysgraphia is a brain-based disability. Contrary to what many think, it is not a lack of practice. Is a matter of fact, these children usually work much harder to accomplish the same writing assignments as their classmates. They generally put way more effort in, or get so frustrated that they start to withdraw and avoid it all together. It is so hard to watch them struggle with little or no improvement. Mommy and child usually end up crying at homework time.

        Good News!

        The good news is that there are interventions. Because Dysgraphia originates with a weakness in the brain function, it can be stimulated to improve with simple exercises. That’s right! In 1948 Jerzy Konorski, a Polish Neurologist, first introduced neuroplasticity, the brains ability to reorganize and rewire. It wasn’t until recently that tests and studies were done that proved his theory. We can rewire neurologically to solve problems.

        Below, we will go into interventions you can do right at home to help reverse dysgraphia.

        Short and Long term memory, as well as working memory play a very big roll in the ability to form letters, word, sentences and thoughts. There are many exercises online to help with these, so we won’t go into that here. Google ‘how to improve memory’ to find a lot of great idea.

        Visual-Spatial ability is important very important in handwriting. There is a very good book by Dianna Craft called Smart Kids Who Hate To Write. We highly recommend this book for more info on the Visual-Spatial activities for handwriting.

        Executive Function

        After you see a good amount of improvement in the above areas, start working on games to help them improve organization. We do this last, because it is a higher function of the brain that may not have developed well if the other functions were lacking. Now that they have improved the other functions, it is time to help them with their Executive Functions, specifically Organization.

        • Get objects around the house that they can organize or sort and categorize in different ways.
        • Sit down and talk with them about something they are passionate about. Make mental lists and help them to organize and categorize them verbally or on paper. For example, if they love Legos, talk about the different Minifigures they make. Talk about some that could go in the same color category or some that go to the same movie or story. You could look up cute ones online and help them draw them in different groups in a note book. Anything you can do to get them organizing items and thoughts. It has been proven that children learn more and retain more if it is a subject they are passionate about.
        • Help them recall memories of past events or activities and put them into categories. For example outdoor activities & indoor activities or  birthday parties & school parties etc.

        Try to do the interventions with them daily or at least a few time per week. Keep it within their attention span and use incentives.  It sounds like a lot to tackle, but just take it slow. Keep it fun. And enjoy the one-on-one time with your child. You are improving a life.

        Dyscalculia

        DyscalculiaDoes your child have Dyscalculia? It is not a simple test to take. We aren’t big on labels anyway. We ARE big on finding interventions that can help them improve neurologically, and thus improve or reverse the problem. There are simple tests and exercises that can strengthen the functions of the brain and help the different areas of the brain communicate better. We will discuss that more below.

        Some children memorize so well that the Dyscalculia becomes more evident when they start doing math that requires more than memorization. But, if a child has a memorization problem too, the dyscalculia is evident early on. Click here for a list of Dyscalculia Symptoms.

        In recent studies, it was found that lack of communication between the right and left half (hemisphere) of the brain was a big issue with children suffering from dyscalculia. This lack of communication between the two hemispheres can be attributed to lower cognitive function on one or both sides. Math needs good communication between both sides of the brain. Basic math is handled mostly in the left hemisphere and number cognition is mostly processed by the right hemisphere. As luck would have it, math problems require both. Is it any wonder they would struggle if the two hemispheresare not communicating well with each other?

         

        Dyscalculia is diagnosed mostly by symptoms. It’s characterized by difficulty in basic math. The child may have good memorization skills that allow them to memorize 2+2=4. But, they do not understand the concept behind it. They cannot connect the number symbol’s meaning, to the world around them.

        Dyscalculia

         

        “What does the symbol ‘6’ and a picture of some apples have to do with each other?”

         Then it gets more complicated…

        discalculia dyscalculia

        They are often very pictorial children. They just can’t make the connection.

        See The 8 Primitive Reflexes That May Help

        There are plenty of math practice sheets online, so we won’t duplicate that here. They are great, but dyscalculia needs more than practice, practice, practice. Let’s find the weaker areas of the brain that are causing the dyscalculia and strengthen them through cognitive and motor exercises. Once functions are stronger, there are exercises that help the two halves start to work together. Brains can rewire. Neurologists say ‘neurons that fire together, wire together’. Let’s get them firing together.

         

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          Does Primitive Reflex Integration Really Work

          Because we use this on our own precious children, we did A LOT of research on Primitive Reflex Integration. We found quite a bit of studies justifying it’s effectiveness. We also took a course with Dr. Robert Melillo, founder of over 80 Brain Balance Centers, author of 4 books including Neurobehavioral Disorders of Childhood and is the executive director of the National Institute for Brain and Rehabilitation Sciences. He has personally been using Primitive Reflex Integration with his clients for many years. He testified to us of his personal work with Primitive Reflex and the positive affect it has made on his clients.

          You can check out our Resource Page to see the studies.

          Personally, I have used these on my own children and saw a difference in their behavior and development within 4 weeks. I was a busy mom, I had 8 children and am a Land Developer. Adding one more thing to my to-do list was not my favorite idea. It felt like it was a leap of faith for the first few weeks. I noticed my Dyslexic son reading and writing smoother. I also noticed my ADHD daughter being less impulsive and, for the first time, sitting with me for snuggles. I thought ‘Could this really be the Reflex Integration?’. I continued with it and it has made a huge difference in their lives.

          Primitive Reflexes are the trouble makers. I eliminated their ‘trouble makers’ and they started improving quickly. It took me seeing it to really believe it. I just wanted to share that with you. Take the leap 🙂

          Aspergers

          Asperger's SyndromeAspergers is a developmental disorder in children that are very smart. And while specialists are finding out new information all the time, one specific cause or cure for Aspergers is still unknown. This is not a surprise to us. No two children have the same neurological wiring. Differences in gestation, birth, environment, parenting, experiences, health etc. cause differences in the wiring of the brain as it develops. Some areas connect stronger, and others have weaker connections. These weaknesses can cause developmental issues. See a list of Aspergers Symptoms here.

          This is what we are about!

          We find the weak connections and strengthen them. Specialists have great success using this strategy. These exercises can be done with an Occupational Therapist or right at home.

          Children with Aspergers do not have all of the same challenges and symptoms. This is why it is sometimes a long process to get a proper diagnosis or lack thereof, even though they are showing many signs. But, there are some consistent traits and weaknesses that generally are found in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders such as Aspergers.

          Find the weakness and strengthen it

          Babies are born with reflexes known as Primitive Reflexes or Infant Reflexes. These reflexes help them through the first year of life but  go away as the baby develops muscle control, or should go away. However, quite consistently in Aspergers kids, they have some or all of these Primitive Reflexes still active. We call these the ‘trouble makers’ that interfere with cognitive development. Some specialists even theorize that they are the underlying cause of many developmental disorders. They seem to cause a weak foundation. We have seen and heard a lot of great success stories about children and adults gaining great improvement by exercising the reflexes away.

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            Terms of Use

            Last Modified: March 1, 2018

            Acceptance of the Terms of Use

            These terms of use are entered into by and between you and Solve Learning Disabilities, LLC (“Company”, “we” or “us”). The following terms and conditions, together with any documents they expressly incorporate by reference (collectively, these “Terms of Use”), govern your access to and use of https://www.solvelearningdisabilities.com, including any content, functionality and services offered on or through https://www.solvelearningdisabilities.com (the “Website”), whether as a guest or a registered user.

            Please read the Terms of Use carefully before you start to use the Website. By using the Website, you accept and agree to be bound and abide by these Terms of Use and our Privacy Policy, found at www.solvelearningdisabilities.com, incorporated herein by reference.  If you do not want to agree to these Terms of Use or the Privacy Policy, you must not access or use the Website.

            The Website is offered and available to users who are 18 years of age or older and who reside in the United States or any of its territories or possessions.  By using the Website, you represent and warrant that you are of legal age to form a binding contract with the Company and that you meet all of the foregoing eligibility requirements. If you do not meet all of these requirements, you must not access or use the Website.

            Changes to the Terms of Use

            We may revise and update these Terms of Use from time to time in our sole discretion. All changes are effective immediately when we post them, and apply to all access to and use of the Website thereafter.  However, any changes to the dispute resolution provisions set forth in the sections of these Terms of Use titled “Governing Law” and “Jurisdiction” will not apply to any disputes for which the parties have actual notice on or prior to the date the change is posted on the Website.

            Your continued use of the Website following the posting of revised Terms of Use means that you accept and agree to the changes. You are expected to check this page from time to time so that you are aware of any changes, as they are binding on you.

            Accessing the Website and Account Security

            We reserve the right to withdraw or amend the Website, and any service or material we provide on the Website, in our sole discretion without notice. We will not be liable if for any reason all or any part of the Website is unavailable at any time or for any period.  From time to time, we may restrict access to some parts of the Website, or the entire Website, to users, including registered users.

            You are responsible for:

            • Making all arrangements necessary for you to have access to the Website.
            • Ensuring that all persons who access the Website through your internet connection are aware of these Terms of Use and comply with them.

            To access the Website or some of the resources it offers, you may be asked to provide certain registration details or other information.  It is a condition of your use of the Website that all the information you provide on the Website is correct, current and complete.  You agree that all information you provide to register with the Website or otherwise, including but not limited to through the use of any interactive features on the Website, is governed by our Privacy Policy, and you consent to all actions we take with respect to your information consistent with our Privacy Policy.

            If you choose, or are provided with, a user name, password or any other piece of information as part of our security procedures, you must treat such information as confidential, and you must not disclose it to any other person or entity.  You also acknowledge that your account is personal to you and agree not to provide any other person with access to the Website or portions of it using your user name, password or other security information.  You agree to notify us immediately of any unauthorized access to or use of your user name or password or any other breach of security. You also agree to ensure that you exit from your account at the end of each session.  You should use particular caution when accessing your account from a public or shared computer so that others are not able to view or record your password or other personal information.

            We have the right to disable any user name, password or other identifier, whether chosen by you or provided by us, at any time in our sole discretion for any or no reason, including if, in our opinion, you have violated any provision of these Terms of Use.

            Intellectual Property Rights

            The Website and its entire contents, features and functionality (including, but not limited to, all information, software, text, displays, images, video and audio, and the design, selection and arrangement thereof) are owned by the Company, its licensors or other providers of such material and are protected by United States copyright, trademark, and other intellectual property or proprietary rights laws.

            Unless otherwise specifically authorized by the Company, these Terms of Use permit you to use the Website for your personal, non-commercial use only, subject to the terms, conditions, waivers, and limitations of liability set forth herein.  You must not, without the Company’s prior consent, reproduce, distribute, modify, create derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, republish, download, store or transmit any of the material on our Website, except as follows:

            • Your computer may temporarily store copies of such materials in RAM incidental to your accessing and viewing those materials.
            • You may store files that are automatically cached by your Web browser for display enhancement purposes.
            • If we provide desktop, mobile or other applications for download, you may download a single copy to your computer or mobile device, provided you agree to be bound by our end user license agreement for such applications.
            • If we provide social media features with certain content, you may take such actions as are enabled by such features.

            Unless otherwise specifically authorized by the Company, you must not:

            • Modify copies of any materials from this site.
            • Use any illustrations, photographs, video or audio sequences or any graphics separately from the accompanying text.
            • Delete or alter any copyright, trademark or other proprietary rights notices from copies of materials from this site.

            Unless otherwise specifically authorized by this Company, you must not access or use for any commercial purposes any part of the Website or any services or materials available through the Website.

            If you wish to make any use of material on the Website other than that set out in this section, please address your request to: support@solvelearningdisabilities.com.

            If you print, copy, modify, download or otherwise use or provide any other person with access to any part of the Website in breach of the Terms of Use, or without the express authorization from the Company, your right to use the Website will cease immediately and you must, at our option, return or destroy any copies of the materials you have made.  No right, title or interest in or to the Website or any content on the Website is transferred to you, and all rights not expressly granted are reserved by the Company.  Any use of the Website not expressly permitted by these Terms of Use is a breach of these Terms of Use and may violate copyright, trademark and other laws.

            Trademarks

            The Company name, the Company logo, and all related names, logos, product and service names, designs and slogans are trademarks of the Company or its affiliates or licensors.  You must not use such marks without the prior written permission of the Company.  All other names, logos, product and service names, designs and slogans on the Website are the trademarks of their respective owners.

            Prohibited Uses

            You may use the Website only for lawful purposes and in accordance with these Terms of Use.  You agree not to use the Website:

            • In any way that violates any applicable federal, state, local or international law or regulation (including, without limitation, any laws regarding the export of data or software to and from the US or other countries).
            • For the purpose of exploiting, harming or attempting to exploit or harm minors in any way by exposing them to inappropriate content, asking for personally identifiable information or otherwise.
            • To send, knowingly receive, upload, download, use or re-use any material which does not comply with the Content Standards set out in these Terms of Use.
            • To transmit, or procure the sending of, any advertising or promotional material without our prior written consent, including any “junk mail”, “chain letter” or “spam” or any other similar solicitation.
            • To impersonate or attempt to impersonate the Company, a Company employee, another user or any other person or entity (including, without limitation, by using e-mail addresses or screen names associated with any of the foregoing).
            • To engage in any other conduct that restricts or inhibits anyone’s use or enjoyment of the Website, or which, as determined by us, may harm the Company or users of the Website or expose them to liability.

            Additionally, you agree not to:

            • Use the Website in any manner that could disable, overburden, damage, or impair the site or interfere with any other party’s use of the Website, including their ability to engage in real time activities through the Website.
            • Use any robot, spider or other automatic device, process or means to access the Website for any purpose, including monitoring or copying any of the material on the Website.
            • Use any manual process to monitor or copy any of the material on the Website or for any other unauthorized purpose without our prior written consent.
            • Use any device, software or routine that interferes with the proper working of the Website.
            • Introduce any viruses, Trojan horses, worms, logic bombs or other material which is malicious or technologically harmful.
            • Attempt to gain unauthorized access to, interfere with, damage or disrupt any parts of the Website, the server on which the Website is stored, or any server, computer or database connected to the Website.
            • Attack the Website via a denial-of-service attack or a distributed denial-of-service attack.
            • Otherwise attempt to interfere with the proper working of the Website.

            User Contributions

            The Website may contain message boards, chat rooms, personal web pages or profiles, forums, bulletin boards, and other interactive features (collectively, “Interactive Services”) that allow users to post, submit, publish, display or transmit to other users or other persons (hereinafter, “post”) content or materials (collectively, “User Contributions”) on or through the Website.

            All User Contributions must comply with the Content Standards set out in these Terms of Use.

            Any User Contribution you post to the site will be considered non-confidential and non-proprietary.  By providing any User Contribution on the Website, you grant us and our affiliates and service providers, and each of their and our respective licensees, successors and assigns the right to use, reproduce, modify, perform, display, distribute and otherwise disclose to third parties any such material for any purpose/according to your account settings.

            You represent and warrant that:

            • You own or control all rights in and to the User Contributions and have the right to grant the license granted above to us and our affiliates and service providers, and each of their and our respective licensees, successors and assigns.
            • All of your User Contributions do and will comply with these Terms of Use.

            You understand and acknowledge that you are responsible for any User Contributions you submit or contribute, and you, not the Company, have full responsibility for such content, including its legality, reliability, accuracy and appropriateness.

            We are not responsible, or liable to any third party, for the content or accuracy of any User Contributions posted by you or any other user of the Website.

            Monitoring and Enforcement; Termination

            We have the right to:

            • Remove or refuse to post any User Contributions for any or no reason in our sole discretion.
            • Take any action with respect to any User Contribution that we deem necessary or appropriate in our sole discretion, including if we believe that such User Contribution violates the Terms of Use, including the Content Standards, infringes any intellectual property right or other right of any person or entity, threatens the personal safety of users of the Website or the public or could create liability for the Company.
            • Disclose your identity or other information about you to any third party who claims that material posted by you violates their rights, including their intellectual property rights or their right to privacy.
            • Take appropriate legal action, including without limitation, referral to law enforcement, for any illegal or unauthorized use of the Website.
            • Terminate or suspend your access to all or part of the Website for any violation of these Terms of Use.

            Without limiting the foregoing, we have the right to fully cooperate with any law enforcement authorities or court order requesting or directing us to disclose the identity or other information of anyone posting any materials on or through the Website.  YOU WAIVE AND HOLD HARMLESS THE COMPANY AND ITS AFFILIATES, LICENSEES AND SERVICE PROVIDERS FROM ANY CLAIMS RESULTING FROM ANY ACTION TAKEN BY ANY OF THE FOREGOING PARTIES DURING OR AS A RESULT OF ITS INVESTIGATIONS AND FROM ANY ACTIONS TAKEN AS A CONSEQUENCE OF INVESTIGATIONS BY EITHER SUCH PARTIES OR LAW ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITIES.

            However, we cannot review all material before it is posted on the Website, and cannot ensure prompt removal of objectionable material after it has been posted.   Accordingly, we assume no liability for any action or inaction regarding transmissions, communications or content provided by any user or third party. We have no liability or responsibility to anyone for performance or nonperformance of the activities described in this section.

            Content Standards

            These content standards (“Content Standards”) apply to any and all User Contributions and use of Interactive Services.  User Contributions must in their entirety comply with all applicable federal, state, local and international laws and regulations. Without limiting the foregoing, User Contributions must not:

            • Contain any material which is defamatory, obscene, indecent, abusive, offensive, harassing, violent, hateful, inflammatory or otherwise objectionable.
            • Promote sexually explicit or pornographic material, violence, or discrimination based on race, sex, religion, nationality, disability, sexual orientation or age.
            • Infringe any patent, trademark, trade secret, copyright or other intellectual property or other rights of any other person.
            • Violate the legal rights (including the rights of publicity and privacy) of others or contain any material that could give rise to any civil or criminal liability under applicable laws or regulations or that otherwise may be in conflict with these Terms of Use and our Privacy Policy.
            • Be likely to deceive any person.
            • Promote any illegal activity, or advocate, promote or assist any unlawful act.
            • Cause annoyance, inconvenience or needless anxiety or be likely to upset, embarrass, alarm or annoy any other person.
            • Impersonate any person, or misrepresent your identity or affiliation with any person or organization.
            • Involve commercial activities or sales, such as contests, sweepstakes and other sales promotions, barter or advertising.
            • Give the impression that they emanate from or are endorsed by us or any other person or entity, if this is not the case.

            Reliance on Information Posted

            The information presented on or through the Website is made available solely for general information purposes.  We are not doctors, neurologists, psychologists, or any other type of licensed medical professional.  As such, we do not warrant the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of this information or any portion thereof.  Any reliance you place on such information is strictly at your own risk.  Prior to using any information or material presented on or through the Website in any way, you expressly acknowledge, represent, and warrant that you have taken any and all necessary steps to ascertain the appropriate use of any such information, including, without limitation, consulting with your doctor, neurologist, psychologist, or any other appropriate medical professional.  We expressly disclaim all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the materials or information presented on or through the Website by you or any other visitor to the Website, or by anyone who may be informed of any of its contents.

            The Website may include content provided by third parties, including materials provided by other users, bloggers and third-party licensors, syndicators, aggregators and/or reporting services.  All statements and/or opinions expressed in these materials, and all articles and responses to questions and other content, other than the content provided by the Company, are solely the opinions and the responsibility of the person or entity providing those materials.  These materials do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Company. We are not responsible, or liable to you or any third party, for the content or accuracy of any materials provided by any third parties.

            Changes to the Website

            We may update the content on the Website from time to time, but its content is not necessarily complete or up-to-date. Any of the material on the Website may be out of date at any given time, and we are under no obligation to update such material.

            Information About You and Your Visits to the Website

            All information we collect on the Website is subject to our Privacy Policy. By using the Website, you consent to all actions taken by us with respect to your information in compliance with the Privacy Policy.

            Online Purchases and Other Terms and Conditions

            All purchases through our site or other transactions for the sale of goods or information formed through the Website or as a result of visits made by you are governed by our Terms of Sale, which are hereby incorporated into these Terms of Use.

            Linking to the Website and Social Media Features

            You may link to the Website, provided you do so in a way that is fair and legal and does not damage our reputation or take advantage of it, but you must not establish a link in such a way as to suggest any form of association, approval or endorsement on our part without our express written consent.

            The Website may provide certain social media features that enable you to:

            • Link from your own or certain third-party websites to certain content on the Website.
            • Send e-mails or other communications with certain content, or links to certain content, on the Website.
            • Cause limited portions of content on the Website to be displayed or appear to be displayed on your own or certain third-party websites.

            You may use these features solely as they are provided by us, and solely with respect to the content they are displayed with and otherwise in accordance with any additional terms and conditions we provide with respect to such features. Subject to the foregoing, you must not take any action with respect to the materials on the Website that is inconsistent with any other provision of these Terms of Use.

            The website from which you are linking, or on which you make certain content accessible, must comply in all respects with the Content Standards set out in these Terms of Use.

            You agree to cooperate with us in causing any unauthorized framing or linking immediately to cease. We reserve the right to withdraw linking permission without notice.

            We may disable all or any social media features and any links at any time without notice in our discretion.

            Links from the Website

            If the Website contains links to other sites and resources provided by third parties, these links are provided for your convenience only. This includes links contained in advertisements, including banner advertisements and sponsored links.  We have no control over the contents of those sites or resources, and accept no responsibility for them or for any loss or damage that may arise from your use of them. If you decide to access any of the third party websites linked to the Website, you do so entirely at your own risk and subject to the terms and conditions of use for such websites.

            Geographic Restrictions

            The owner of the Website is based in the State of Utah in the United States. We provide the Website for use only by persons located in the United States.  We make no claims that the Website or any of its content is accessible or appropriate outside of the United States. Access to the Website may not be legal by certain persons or in certain countries.  If you access the Website from outside the United States, you do so on your own initiative and are responsible for compliance with local laws.

            Disclaimer of Warranties

            You understand that we cannot and do not guarantee or warrant that files available for downloading from the internet or the Website will be free of viruses or other destructive code. You are responsible for implementing sufficient procedures and checkpoints to satisfy your particular requirements for anti-virus protection and accuracy of data input and output, and for maintaining a means external to our site for any reconstruction of any lost data.  WE WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE CAUSED BY A DISTRIBUTED DENIAL-OF-SERVICE ATTACK, VIRUSES OR OTHER TECHNOLOGICALLY HARMFUL MATERIAL THAT MAY INFECT YOUR COMPUTER EQUIPMENT, COMPUTER PROGRAMS, DATA OR OTHER PROPRIETARY MATERIAL DUE TO YOUR USE OF THE WEBSITE OR ANY SERVICES OR ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH THE WEBSITE OR TO YOUR DOWNLOADING OF ANY MATERIAL POSTED ON IT, OR ON ANY WEBSITE LINKED TO IT.

            YOUR USE OF THE WEBSITE, ITS CONTENT AND ANY SERVICES OR ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH THE WEBSITE IS AT YOUR OWN RISK. THE WEBSITE, ITS CONTENT AND ANY SERVICES OR ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH THE WEBSITE ARE PROVIDED ON AN “AS IS” AND “AS AVAILABLE” BASIS, WITHOUT ANY WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. NEITHER THE COMPANY NOR ANY PERSON ASSOCIATED WITH THE COMPANY MAKES ANY WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION WITH RESPECT TO THE COMPLETENESS, SECURITY, RELIABILITY, QUALITY, ACCURACY OR AVAILABILITY OF THE WEBSITE. WITHOUT LIMITING THE FOREGOING, NEITHER THE COMPANY NOR ANYONE ASSOCIATED WITH THE COMPANY REPRESENTS OR WARRANTS THAT THE WEBSITE, ITS CONTENT OR ANY SERVICES OR ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH THE WEBSITE WILL BE ACCURATE, RELIABLE, ERROR-FREE OR UNINTERRUPTED, THAT DEFECTS WILL BE CORRECTED, THAT OUR SITE OR THE SERVER THAT MAKES IT AVAILABLE ARE FREE OF VIRUSES OR OTHER HARMFUL COMPONENTS OR THAT THE WEBSITE OR ANY SERVICES OR ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH THE WEBSITE WILL OTHERWISE MEET YOUR NEEDS OR EXPECTATIONS.

            THE COMPANY HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT AND FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

            THE FOREGOING DOES NOT AFFECT ANY WARRANTIES WHICH CANNOT BE EXCLUDED OR LIMITED UNDER APPLICABLE LAW.

            Limitation on Liability

            IN NO EVENT WILL THE COMPANY, ITS AFFILIATES OR THEIR LICENSORS, SERVICE PROVIDERS, EMPLOYEES, AGENTS, OFFICERS OR DIRECTORS BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, UNDER ANY LEGAL THEORY, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH YOUR USE, OR INABILITY TO USE, THE WEBSITE, ANY WEBSITES LINKED TO IT, ANY CONTENT ON THE WEBSITE OR SUCH OTHER WEBSITES OR ANY SERVICES OR ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH THE WEBSITE OR SUCH OTHER WEBSITES, INCLUDING ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PERSONAL INJURY, PAIN AND SUFFERING, EMOTIONAL DISTRESS, LOSS OF REVENUE, LOSS OF PROFITS, LOSS OF BUSINESS OR ANTICIPATED SAVINGS, LOSS OF USE, LOSS OF GOODWILL, LOSS OF DATA, AND WHETHER CAUSED BY TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), BREACH OF CONTRACT OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF FORESEEABLE.

            THE FOREGOING DOES NOT AFFECT ANY LIABILITY WHICH CANNOT BE EXCLUDED OR LIMITED UNDER APPLICABLE LAW.

            Indemnification

            You agree to defend, indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its affiliates, licensors and service providers, and its and their respective officers, directors, employees, contractors, agents, licensors, suppliers, successors and assigns from and against any claims, liabilities, damages, judgments, awards, losses, costs, expenses or fees (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) arising out of or relating to your violation of these Terms of Use or your use of the Website, including, but not limited to, your User Contributions, any use of the Website’s content, services and products other than as expressly authorized in these Terms of Use or your use of any information obtained from the Website.

            Governing Law and Jurisdiction

            All matters relating to the Website and these Terms of Use and any dispute or claim arising therefrom or related thereto (in each case, including non-contractual disputes or claims), shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of Utah, without giving effect to any choice or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of Utah or any other jurisdiction).

            Any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of, or related to, these Terms of Use or the Website shall be instituted exclusively in the federal courts of the United States or the courts of the State of Utah, although we retain the right to bring any suit, action or proceeding against you for breach of these Terms of Use in your country of residence or any other relevant country.  You waive any and all objections to the exercise of jurisdiction over you by such courts and to venue in such courts.

            Arbitration

            At Company’s sole discretion, it may require you to submit any disputes arising from the use of these Terms of Use or the Website, including disputes arising from or concerning their interpretation, violation, invalidity, non-performance, or termination, to final and binding arbitration under the Rules of Arbitration of the American Arbitration Association applying Utah law.  Any such arbitration shall take place in Salt Lake City, Utah.

            Limitation on Time to File Claims

            ANY CAUSE OF ACTION OR CLAIM YOU MAY HAVE ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THESE TERMS OF USE OR THE WEBSITE MUST BE COMMENCED WITHIN ONE (1) YEAR AFTER THE CAUSE OF ACTION ACCRUES, OTHERWISE, SUCH CAUSE OF ACTION OR CLAIM IS PERMANENTLY BARRED.

            Waiver and Severability

            No waiver by the Company of any term or condition set forth in these Terms of Use shall be deemed a further or continuing waiver of such term or condition or a waiver of any other term or condition, and any failure of the Company to assert a right or provision under these Terms of Use shall not constitute a waiver of such right or provision.

            If any provision of these Terms of Use is held by a court or other tribunal of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason, such provision shall be eliminated or limited to the minimum extent such that the remaining provisions of the Terms of Use will continue in full force and effect.

            Entire Agreement

            The Terms of Use, our Privacy Policy, and Terms of Sale constitute the sole and entire agreement between you and Solve Learning Disabilities, LLC, with respect to the Website and supersede all prior and contemporaneous understandings, agreements, representations and warranties, both written and oral, with respect to the Website.

            Your Comments and Concerns

            The Website is operated by Solve Learning Disabilities, LLC, with a mailing address of PO Box 31, Riverton, Utah 84065.

            All other feedback, comments, requests for technical support and other communications relating to the Website should be directed to: support@solvelearningdisabilities.com.

            Privacy Policy

            Last modified: May 25, 2018

            Introduction

            Solve Learning Disabilities, LLC (“Company” or “We”), respects your privacy and is committed to protecting it through our compliance with this policy.

            This policy describes the types of information we may collect from you or that you may provide when you visit the website https://www.solvelearningdisabilities.com (the “Website“) and our practices for collecting, using, maintaining, protecting, and disclosing that information.

            This policy applies to information we collect:

            • On the Website.
            • In email, text, and other electronic messages between you and the Website.
            • When you interact with our advertising and applications on third-party websites and services, if those applications or advertising include links to this policy.

            This policy does not apply to information collected by:

            • Us offline or through any other means, including on any other website operated by Company or any third party (including our affiliates and subsidiaries, if any); or
            • Any third party (including our affiliates and subsidiaries, if any), including through any application or content (including advertising) that may link to or be accessible from or on the Website.

            Please read this policy carefully to understand our policies and practices regarding your information and how we will treat it.  If you do not agree with our policies and practices, your choice is not to use the Website.  By accessing or using the Website, you agree to this privacy policy.  This policy may change from time to time (see Changes to Our Privacy Policy).  Your continued use of the Website after we make changes is deemed to be acceptance of those changes, so please check the policy periodically for updates.

             

            Information We Collect About You and How We Collect It

            We collect several types of information from and about users of the Website, including information:

            • By which you may be personally identified, such as name, postal address, e-mail address, or telephone number (“personal information“); and/or
            • About your internet connection, the equipment you use to access the Website and usage details.

            We collect this information:

            • Directly from you when you provide it to us.
            • Automatically as you navigate through the site. Information collected automatically may include usage details, IP addresses, and information collected through cookies and other tracking technologies.
            • From third parties, for example, our business partners.

            Information You Provide to Us.  The information we collect on or through the Website may include:

            • Information that you provide by filling in forms on the Website. This includes information provided at the time of registering to use the Website, posting material, or requesting further information or products.  We may also ask you for information when you enter a contest or promotion sponsored by us, and when you report a problem with the Website.
            • Records and copies of your correspondence (including email addresses), if you contact us.
            • Your responses to surveys that we might ask you to complete for research purposes.
            • Details of transactions you carry out through the Website and of the fulfillment of your orders. You may be required to provide financial information before placing an order through the Website.
            • Your search queries on the Website.

            You also may provide information to be published or displayed (hereinafter, “posted”) on public areas of the Website, or transmitted to other users of the Website or third parties (collectively, “User Contributions”). Your User Contributions are posted on and transmitted to others at your own risk.  Please be aware that any security measures we might have in place to protect User Contributions are not perfect or impenetrable. Additionally, we cannot control the actions of other users of the Website with whom you may choose to share your User Contributions. Therefore, we cannot and do not guarantee that your User Contributions will not be viewed by unauthorized persons.

            Information We Collect Through Automatic Data Collection Technologies.  As you navigate through and interact with the Website, we may use automatic data collection technologies to collect certain information about your equipment, browsing actions, and patterns, including:

            • Details of your visits to the Website, including traffic data, location data, logs, and other communication data and the resources that you access and use on the Website.
            • Information about your computer and internet connection, including your IP address, operating system, and browser type.

            The information we collect automatically is statistical data and does not include personal information, but we may maintain it or associate it with personal information we that collect in other ways as provided in this policy or that we receive from third parties.  It helps us to improve the Website and to deliver a better and more personalized service, including by enabling us to:

            • Estimate our audience size and usage patterns.
            • Store information about your preferences, allowing us to customize the Website according to your individual interests.
            • Speed up your searches.
            • Recognize you when you return to the Website.

            Third-Party Use of Cookies and Other Tracking Technologies.

            Some content or applications, including advertisements, on the Website are served by third-parties, including advertisers, ad networks and servers, content providers, and application providers.  These third parties may use cookies alone or in conjunction with web beacons or other tracking technologies to collect information about you when you use the website.  The information they collect may be associated with your personal information or they may collect information, including personal information, about your online activities over time and across different websites and other online services. They may use this information to provide you with interest-based (behavioral) advertising or other targeted content.

            We do not control these third parties’ tracking technologies or how they may be used. If you have any questions about an advertisement or other targeted content, you should contact the responsible provider directly. For information about how you can opt out of receiving targeted advertising from many providers, see Choices About

            How We Use and Disclose Your Information.

            We process and access the data we collect from you. However, we use third parties to assist us with processing your personal data including the following categories of recipients:

            Financial transaction processors (processing your payments)
            Customer service communication platform
            Contest and survey platform
            Email communication manager
            Marketing funnel providers
            Website management services
            Website design and programming services

            How We Use Your Information

            We use information that we collect about you or that you provide to us, including any personal information:

            • To present the Website and its contents to you.
            • To provide you with information or products that you request from us.
            • To fulfill any other purpose for which you provide it.
            • To provide you with notices about your account.
            • To carry out our obligations and enforce our rights arising from any contracts entered into between you and us, including for billing and collection.
            • To notify you about changes to the Website or any products we offer or provide through it.
            • To allow you to participate in interactive features on the Website.
            • In any other way we may describe when you provide the information.
            • For any other purpose with your consent.

            We may also use your information to contact you about our own and third-parties’ goods that may be of interest to you.  If you do not want us to use your information in this way, please email us to indicate your preference at support@solvelearningdisabilities.com.  For more information, see Choices About How We Use and Disclose Your Information.

            We may use the information we have collected from you to enable us to display advertisements to our advertisers’ target audiences. Even though we do not disclose your personal information for these purposes without your consent, if you click on or otherwise interact with an advertisement, the advertiser may assume that you meet its target criteria.

            Disclosure of Your Information

            We may disclose aggregated information about our users, and information that does not identify any individual, without restriction.

            We may disclose personal information that we collect or you provide as described in this privacy policy:

            • To our subsidiaries and affiliates, if any.
            • To contractors, service providers, and other third parties we use to support our business and who are bound by contractual obligations to keep personal information confidential and use it only for the purposes for which we disclose it to them.
            • To a buyer or other successor in the event of a merger, divestiture, restructuring, reorganization, dissolution, or other sale or transfer of some or all of Solve Learning Disabilities, LLC’s assets, whether as a going concern or as part of bankruptcy, liquidation, or similar proceeding, in which personal information held by Solve Learning Disabilities, LLC, about the Website users is among the assets transferred.
            • To third parties to market their products or services to you if you have not opted out of these disclosures. We contractually require these third parties to keep personal information confidential and use it only for the purposes for which we disclose it to them.  For more information, see Choices About How We Use and Disclose Your Information.
            • To fulfill the purpose for which you provide it.
            • For any other purpose disclosed by us when you provide the information.
            • With your consent.

            We may also disclose your personal information:

            • To comply with any court order, law, or legal process, including to respond to any government or regulatory request.
            • To enforce or apply our Terms of Use  or Terms of Sale and other agreements, including for billing and collection purposes.
            • If we believe disclosure is necessary or appropriate to protect the rights, property, or safety of Solve Learning Disabilities, LLC, our customers, or others. This includes exchanging information with other companies and organizations for the purposes of fraud protection and credit risk reduction.

            Choices About How We Use and Disclose Your Information

            We strive to provide you with choices regarding the personal information you provide to us. We have created mechanisms to provide you with the following control over your information:

            • Tracking Technologies and Advertising. You can set your browser to refuse all or some browser cookies, or to alert you when cookies are being sent.  To learn how you can manage your Flash cookie settings, visit the Flash player settings page on Adobe’s website.  If you disable or refuse cookies, please note that some parts of this site may then be inaccessible or not function properly.
            • Disclosure of Your Information for Third-Party Advertising. If you do not want us to share your personal information with unaffiliated or non-agent third parties for promotional purposes, you can also always opt-out by sending us an email stating your request to support@solvelearningdisabilities.com.
            • Promotional Offers from the Company. If you do not wish to have your contact information used by the Company to promote our own or third parties’ products, you can opt-out by sending us an email stating your request to support@solvelearningdisabilities.com. If we have sent you a promotional email, you may send us a return email asking to be omitted from future email distributions.
            • Targeted Advertising. If you do not want us to use information that we collect or that you provide to us to deliver advertisements according to our advertisers’ target-audience preferences, you can opt-out by sending us an email stating your request to support@solvelearningdisabilities.com.

            We do not control third parties’ collection or use of your information to serve interest-based advertising.  However these third parties may provide you with ways to choose not to have your information collected or used in this way.  You can opt out of receiving targeted ads from members of the Network Advertising Initiative (“NAI“) on the NAI’s website.

            Children Under the Age of 13

            The Website is not intended for children under 13 years of age.  No one under age 13 may provide any information to or on the Website.  We do not knowingly collect personal information from children under 13.  If you are under 13, do not use or provide any information on the Website or on or through any of its features, register on the Website, make any purchases through the Website, use any of the interactive or public comment features of the Website or provide any information about yourself to us, including your name, address, telephone number, email address, or any screen name or user name you may use.  If we learn we have collected or received personal information from a child under 13 without verification of parental consent, then we will delete that information.  If you believe we might have any information from or about a child under 13, then please contact us at support@solvelearningdisabilities.com.

            Accessing and Correcting Your Information

            You may send us an email at support@solvelearningdisabilities.com to request access to, correct or delete any personal information that you have provided to us.  We may not accommodate a request to change information if we believe the change would violate any law or legal requirement or cause the information to be incorrect.

            If you delete your User Contributions from the Website, copies of your User Contributions may remain viewable in cached and archived pages, or might have been copied or stored by other Website users.  Proper access and use of information provided on the Website, including User Contributions, is governed by our Terms of Use.

            Your California Privacy Rights

            California Civil Code Section § 1798.83 permits users of the Website that are California residents to request certain information regarding our disclosure of personal information to third parties for their direct marketing purposes.  To make such a request, please send an email to support@solvelearningdisabilities.com.

            Data Security

            We have implemented measures designed to secure your personal information from accidental loss and from unauthorized access, use, alteration, and disclosure.  Any payment transactions will be encrypted.

            Unfortunately, the transmission of information via the internet is not completely secure.  Although we do our best to protect your personal information, we cannot guarantee the security of your personal information transmitted to the Website.  Any transmission of personal information is at your own risk.  We are not responsible for circumvention of any privacy settings or security measures contained on the Website.

            Changes to Our Privacy Policy

            It is our policy to post any changes we make to our privacy policy on this page.  If we make material changes to how we treat our users’ personal information, we will notify you by email to the email address specified in your account or through a notice on the Website home page.  The date the privacy policy was last revised is identified at the top of the page.  You are responsible for ensuring we have an up-to-date active and deliverable email address for you, and for periodically visiting the Website and this privacy policy to check for any changes.

            Contact Information

            To ask questions or comment about this privacy policy and our privacy practices, contact us at:

            Address:

            PO Box 31

            Riverton, UT 84065

             

            Email:  support@solvelearningdisabilities.com

            Terms of Sale

            Last Modified March 1, 2018

            1. Applicability.
              • These terms and conditions of sale (these “Terms”), together with the Terms of Use for https://www.solvelearningdisabilities.com (the “Terms of Use”), which are incorporated herein by this reference, govern the sale of the goods (“Goods”) by Solve Learning Disabilities, LLC, a Utah limited liability company (“Seller”), to you (“Buyer”).
              • The confirmation of sale emailed to Buyer following the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby, these Terms, and the Terms of Use (collectively, this “Agreement“) comprise the entire agreement between the parties, and supersede all prior or contemporaneous understandings, agreements, negotiations, representations and warranties, and communications, both written and oral, with respect to the subject matter hereof.
            2. Delivery.  The Goods shall be available for digital download within a reasonable period of time after confirmation of Buyer’s payment for the Goods. Seller shall not be liable for any associated delays, nor shall Seller be obligated in any way to provide Buyer with physical copies of the Goods.
            3. No Warranty.
              • SELLER MAKES NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER WITH RESPECT TO THE GOODS, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY (A) WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY; (B) WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE; (C) WARRANTY OF TITLE; OR (D) WARRANTY AGAINST INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OF A THIRD PARTY, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED BY LAW, COURSE OF DEALING, COURSE OF PERFORMANCE, USAGE OF TRADE OR OTHERWISE.
              • Products manufactured by a third party (“Third Party Product”) may constitute, contain, be contained in, incorporated into, attached to or packaged together with, the Goods. For the avoidance of doubt, SELLER MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO ANY THIRD PARTY PRODUCT, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY (A) WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY; (B) WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE; (C) WARRANTY OF TITLE; OR (D) WARRANTY AGAINST INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OF A THIRD PARTY, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED BY LAW, COURSE OF DEALING, COURSE OF PERFORMANCE, USAGE OF TRADE OR OTHERWISE.
            4. Limitation of Liability.  IN NO EVENT SHALL SELLER BE LIABLE TO BUYER OR ANY THIRD PARTY FOR ANY LOSS OF USE, REVENUE OR PROFIT, OR LOSS OF DATA OR DIMINUTION IN VALUE, OR FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES WHETHER ARISING OUT OF BREACH OF CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE, REGARDLESS OF WHETHER SUCH DAMAGES WERE FORESEEABLE AND WHETHER OR NOT SELLER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, AND NOTWITHSTANDING THE FAILURE OF ANY AGREED OR OTHER REMEDY OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE. The information presented in the Goods are made available solely for general information purposes.  We are not doctors, neurologists, psychologists, or any other type of licensed medical professional.  As such, we do not warrant the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of this information or any portion thereof.  Any reliance you place on such information is strictly at your own risk.  Prior to using any information or material presented in the Goods in any way, you expressly acknowledge, represent, and warrant that you have taken any and all necessary steps to ascertain the appropriate use of any such information, including, without limitation, consulting with your doctor, neurologist, psychologist, or any other appropriate medical professional.  We expressly disclaim all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the materials or information presented in the Goods, or by anyone who may be informed of any of its contents.
            5. Indemnification.  Buyer shall indemnify, defend and hold Seller, its agents, representatives, officers and employees harmless from and against all claims, suits, judgments, costs, fines, damages, actions of any kind, losses, expenses (including attorneys’ fees) and liabilities arising out of, or in any way related to: (i) Buyer’s or any third party’s use of the Goods, any derivative product, or any product that incorporates the Goods or any portion thereof; or (ii) Buyer’s negligence or willful misconduct.
            6. Waiver. No waiver by Seller of any of the provisions of this Agreement is effective unless explicitly set forth in writing and signed by Seller.  No failure to exercise, or delay in exercising, any right, remedy, power or privilege arising from this Agreement operates, or may be construed, as a waiver thereof.  No single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder precludes any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege.
            7. Governing Law, Jurisdiction and Service of Process.  This Agreement and the rights and obligations of the parties under this Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the law of the State of Utah, without giving effect to its conflict of law principles.  Each of the parties submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of any state or federal court sitting in Salt Lake City, Utah, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement and agrees that all claims in respect of the action or proceeding may be heard and determined in any such court.  Each party also agrees not to bring any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement in any other court.  Each of the parties waives any defense of inconvenient forum to the maintenance of any action or proceeding so brought and waives any bond, surety or other security that might be required of any other party with respect to any such action or proceeding.
            8. Severability. If any term or provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other term or provision of this Agreement or invalidate or render unenforceable such term or provision in any other jurisdiction.
            9. Headings and Captions.  The heading and captions of the various subdivisions of this Agreement are for convenience or reference only and shall in no way modify or affect the meaning or construction of any of the terms or provisions of this Agreement.